This is our latest paper summarizing the RobotCub project. Our goal is to develop a cognitive humanoid robot called the iCub:an open-systems research platform for enactive cognition. The paper has been submitted for publication in a forthcoming Springer-Verlag book arising from the 50th Anniversary Summit of AI which was held in Monte Verita, Switzerland, 9-14 July 2006 (see www.ai50.org).